War and Deforestation


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

War and Deforestation

War and Deforestation: The Allied power exploited the resources (mainly forests) and people of their colonies and won both the First and Second World War. Both these wars had a devastating effect on the forests of India and other colonies. In India, at this time and the Forest Department was cutting trees freely to meet British war needs,

In Java, the Dutch followed a Scorched Earth Policy, just before the Japanese dominance. By following this policy, Dutch destroyed sawmills and burned huge piles of giant teak logs, so that they would not fall into Japanese hands. The Japanese then exploited the forests recklessly for their own interests.

This opportunity was used by many villagers to expand cultivation in the forest. After the war, it became difficult for the Indonesian forest service to get this land back. ‘This situation was same as that of India where people and forest department conflicted with desire to control forest area.

Forests are affected by wars because forest products are used for fulfilling various needs and requirements during war.

  • In the case of India, during the First Would Was and the Second World War, the Forest Department was cutting trees freely to meet British was needs.
  • During the Second World War in Java just before the Japanese occupied the region, the Dutch followed a Scorched Earth Policy, destroying sawmills and burning huge piles of giant teak logs, so that they did not fall into Japanese hands. The Japanese explpited the forests recklessly for their war industries, forcing villagers to cut down forests.
  • Many villagers took this opportunity to expand cultivation in the forests. Thus, wars also led to destruction of forests.
  • Question : What impact did the First and Second World Wars have on the forests across the world ?

    Solution : The First World War and the Second World War had a major impact on the forests across the world. This impact is stated in the points below

  • In India, the Forest Department cut trees freely to meet British war demands.
  • In Java, the Dutch followed 'a scorched earth' policy, just before the Japanese occupied the region. They destroyed sawmills and burnt off huge piles of giant teak logs so that they would not fall into Japanese hands.
  • The Japanese exploited the forests recklessly for their own war industries and forced forest dwellers to cut down forests.
  • Many villagers took this opportunity for the expansion of cultivation land by cutting down the forests.
  • After the war, it was difficult for the Indonesian forest service to get back this land.
  • In India people needed more agricultural land for cultivation for its increasing population. Forest department desired to control the land and excluded people from it. These different interests, led to a conflict between them.
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